Amaranthus is a versatile and colorful plant with various species that can be grown for their vibrant foliage and edible seeds. Here’s a general guide on how to grow amaranthus
Selecting a Variety
Choose the type of amaranthus you want to grow. Common varieties include Amaranthus tricolor (Joseph’s Coat), Amaranthus caudatus (Love Lies Bleeding), and Amaranthus cruentus (Red Amaranth).
Amaranthus tricolor (Joseph’s Coat):
Known for its stunning, vibrant foliage that ranges from green to yellow, orange, and red. Joseph’s Coat is primarily grown for ornamental purposes and is valued for its striking, multicolored appearance.
Amaranthus caudatus (Love Lies Bleeding):
This variety is distinguished by its long, drooping flower spikes that can reach up to 2 feet in length. The flowers are deep red, giving the plant a weeping appearance. Love Lies Bleeding is often grown for its unique and dramatic visual impact.
Amaranthus cruentus (Red Amaranth):
Red Amaranth is cultivated for its edible leaves and seeds. The foliage is green, and the flower spikes are red. Both the leaves and seeds are used in various culinary applications. It’s a dual-purpose plant, suitable for both ornamental and edible gardens.
Amaranthus hypochondriacus (Prince’s Feather):
Prince’s Feather is valued for its upright growth habit and vibrant, feathery flower spikes. The flowers can be various colors, including red, green, and gold. It is grown for ornamental purposes and can also be used as a cut flower.
Amaranthus viridis (Slender Amaranth):
Slender Amaranth is known for its slender, green flower spikes. This variety is often grown for its young leaves, which are used as a nutritious green vegetable in some cultures. It is more compact compared to other amaranth varieties.
Amaranthus paniculatus (Tassel Flower):
Tassel Flower produces fluffy, tassel-like blooms in various colors, including red, purple, and gold. It is a smaller variety, making it suitable for borders, containers, or as a filler plant. Tassel Flower is primarily grown for its ornamental value.
Amaranthus ‘Hot Biscuits’:
This cultivar is known for its unique, coppery-bronze foliage. ‘Hot Biscuits’ is grown for its ornamental appeal, adding warm tones to garden landscapes. It has a bushy growth habit and is relatively compact.
When selecting an amaranthus variety, consider your gardening goals, whether you prioritize ornamental value, edible qualities, or a combination of both. Additionally, factors such as climate, soil conditions, and available space should be taken into account to ensure the success of your chosen amaranthus variety.
Soil Requirements
Amaranthus prefers well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. It is adaptable to various soil types but thrives in fertile, loamy soil.
Planting Seeds
Plant amaranthus seeds directly in the garden after the last frost date. Sow the seeds shallowly, about 1/8 to 1/4 inch deep. Space the seeds according to the recommended distance for the specific variety.
Sunlight
Amaranthus thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Ensure that the plants receive at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day for optimal growth.
Watering
Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during dry periods. Water at the base of the plants to prevent fungal diseases. Once established, amaranthus is somewhat drought-tolerant.
Fertilizing
Amaranthus generally grows well in moderately fertile soil. However, you can apply a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer at planting time and side-dress with additional fertilizer during the growing season if needed.
Thinning Seedlings
If you have sown seeds densely, thin the seedlings to the recommended spacing to allow proper air circulation and prevent overcrowding.
Mulching
Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
Pruning and Deadheading
Pinch back the tips of young plants to encourage bushier growth. Deadhead or remove spent flowers to prolong the blooming period.
Pests and Diseases
Amaranthus is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, keep an eye out for aphids, spider mites, or leafhoppers. Treat any infestations promptly with organic or chemical controls if necessary.
Harvesting
Harvest leaves when they are young and tender for culinary use. Collect seeds when the flower spikes have matured and turned brown. Cut the entire flower spike and hang it upside down to dry.
Edible Uses
Amaranthus leaves are edible and can be used in salads or cooked like spinach. The seeds are also edible and can be used as a grain or ground into flour.
Winter Care
In colder climates, amaranthus is an annual and will die with the first frost. However, you can collect seeds for the next growing season.
By following these general guidelines, you can successfully grow amaranthus and enjoy its vibrant colors, unique foliage, and edible parts. Adjustments may be needed based on your specific climate and growing conditions.
