Periwinkle (genus Vinca) is a hardy and versatile plant, valued for its evergreen foliage, charming flowers, and low-maintenance nature. Whether you’re looking to cover a shaded patch, suppress weeds, or brighten up your garden with its violet, blue, or white blooms, periwinkle is an excellent choice for UK gardens. Here’s a guide to growing and managing this popular ground cover.
Understanding Periwinkle
Periwinkle belongs to the Apocynaceae family and is primarily represented by two species in UK gardens:
- Lesser Periwinkle (Vinca minor)
- Smaller leaves and flowers.
- More compact growth.
- Suitable for smaller gardens or areas where control is essential.
- Greater Periwinkle (Vinca major)
- Larger, more vigorous.
- Excellent for covering large areas quickly.
- Can become invasive if not managed properly.
Ideal Growing Conditions
Periwinkle thrives in various conditions, making it a gardener’s favorite for tricky spots.
- Light: Prefers partial shade but tolerates full sun or deep shade. Flowers best with some sunlight.
- Soil: Adapts to most soil types, provided they are well-drained. It prefers moderately fertile soils but will grow in poor soils too.
- Climate: Hardy in the UK, enduring frosty winters and damp conditions.
Planting Periwinkle
- Site Preparation: Clear the area of weeds and loosen the soil. Add compost or well-rotted manure if the soil is poor.
- Spacing: Space plants 30–60 cm apart, depending on the variety. Lesser periwinkle requires tighter spacing for a dense cover.
- Planting: Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball, plant at the same depth as in the pot, and firm the soil around it. Water well after planting.
Care and Maintenance
Once established, periwinkle requires minimal attention.
- Watering: Water regularly during the first growing season. Mature plants are drought-tolerant.
- Feeding: An annual mulch of compost or leaf mold in spring will provide sufficient nutrients.
- Pruning: Trim back in spring to control spread and encourage fresh growth. For aggressive varieties like Vinca major, more frequent pruning may be needed.
- Weed Control: Periwinkle is excellent for weed suppression, but keep an eye out for any persistent invaders.
Dealing with Invasiveness
Both Vinca minor and Vinca major can spread aggressively, especially in mild UK climates. To keep periwinkle in check:
- Barriers: Use physical barriers to prevent roots from spreading into unwanted areas.
- Regular Pruning: Cut back runners that exceed their designated space.
- Avoid Wild Planting: Do not plant near natural woodlands or sensitive habitats, as it can outcompete native species.
Uses in the Garden
Periwinkle is more than a ground cover. Here are some creative ways to use it:
- Under Trees and Shrubs: Covers the ground beneath larger plants, reducing maintenance.
- Slopes and Banks: Stabilizes soil and prevents erosion.
- Borders: Acts as a filler plant in mixed borders.
- Containers: Lesser periwinkle can be grown in pots for trailing displays.
Wildlife Benefits
Periwinkle flowers are a source of nectar for bees and butterflies, especially in early spring when other food sources are scarce. Its dense foliage can also provide shelter for small garden creatures.
Common Problems
Periwinkle is generally disease-free, but here are a few issues to watch for:
- Pests: Slugs and snails may nibble on young shoots. Use organic controls if needed.
- Diseases: In poorly drained soil, fungal root rot can occur. Ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogging.
- Yellowing Leaves: Could indicate poor soil or overwatering. Adjust conditions accordingly.
Conclusion
Periwinkle is a resilient and charming addition to UK gardens, suitable for gardeners of all experience levels. By choosing the right species and maintaining control over its growth, you can enjoy year-round greenery and delightful blooms without excessive effort. Whether filling a shady corner or brightening a border, periwinkle is a plant that brings lasting value to any garden.
